JSON Examples | Native Object Store ( NOS ) | Teradata Vantage - Examples: Accessing JSON External Object Store - Advanced SQL Engine - Teradata Database

Teradata Vantage™ - Native Object Store Getting Started Guide

Product
Advanced SQL Engine
Teradata Database
Release Number
17.00
Published
September 2020
Language
English (United States)
Last Update
2021-01-22
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B035-1214
lifecycle
previous
Product Category
Software
Teradata Vantage

Before running the following examples, perform the steps in Setting Up to Run the Examples, if not already done.

Replace the variables in the example code, such as YOUR-STORAGE-ACCOUNT, with appropriate values. See Variable Substitutions for Examples.

Using SHOW AUTHORIZATION

SHOW AUTHORIZATION NOS_USR.DefAuth;

If the authorization object does not exist, run the steps in Setting Up to Run the Examples.

Setting Up to Run JSON Examples

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE riverflow_json
, EXTERNAL SECURITY DEFINER TRUSTED DefAuth
(
LOCATION VARCHAR(2048) CHARACTER SET UNICODE CASESPECIFIC
, Payload JSON INLINE LENGTH 32000 CHARACTER SET UNICODE
)
USING(
LOCATION('YOUR-STORAGE-ACCOUNT') );

See Setting Up to Run JSON Examples.

Sampling External Data In Place Using READ_NOS

SELECT TOP 2 payload.* FROM READ_NOS_FM (
ON ( SELECT CAST( NULL AS JSON ) )
USING
LOCATION('YOUR-STORAGE-ACCOUNT')
) AS D;

Sample result:

Payload.*
-------------------------------------------------------------------
["09380000","2018-07-01 00:00","10000","8.65","11.6","662","0.00"]
["09380000","2018-06-28 00:00","15900","9.91","11.0","671","0.00"]

See Sampling External Data in Place Using READ_NOS.

Sampling External Data In Place Using a Foreign Table

SELECT TOP 2 * FROM riverflow_json;

Sample result:

LOCATION
--------------------------------------------------------------
/S3/td-usgs.s3.amazonaws.com/JSONDATA/09396100/2018/07/14.json
/S3/td-usgs.s3.amazonaws.com/JSONDATA/09400815/2018/07/12.json

See Sampling External Data In Place Using a Foreign Table.

Using JSON_KEYS to See Header Names

SELECT DISTINCT * FROM JSON_KEYS (
ON (SELECT payload FROM riverflow_json)
) AS jsonKeys;

Sample result:

JSONKeys
----------------
"BatteryVoltage"
"Flow"
"Precipitation"
"Conductance"
"Velocity"
"datetime"
"WaterVelocity"
"GageHeight2"
"site_no"
"Temp"
"GageHeight"

See Using JSON_KEYS to See Key Names.

Finding Maximum and Minimum Values

SELECT MAX(CAST(payload.Flow AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZZ9.99'))
, MIN(CAST(payload.Flow AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-(5)ZZZ9.99'))
FROM riverflow_json;

Sample result:

Maximum(Payload.Flow) Minimum(Payload.Flow)
--------------------- ---------------------
19000.00                              -9.72

See Finding Maximum and Minimum Values.

Querying for a Specific Set of Rows

SELECT MAX(CAST(payload.Flow AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZZ9.99'))
FROM riverflow_json
WHERE payload.site_no = '09394500';

Sample result:

Maximum(Payload.Flow)
----------------------
               1230.00

See Querying for a Specific Set of Rows.

Previewing Data Using READ_NOS

SELECT TOP 2 payload FROM READ_NOS_FM (
ON ( SELECT CAST(NULL AS JSON) )
USING
LOCATION('YOUR-STORAGE-ACCOUNT')
RETURNTYPE('NOSREAD_RECORD')
) AS D;

Sample result:

Payload
--------------------------------------------------------------------
{ "site_no":"09380000", "datetime":"2018-07-03 00:00", "Flow":"17600",
"GageHeight":"10.23", "Temp":"10.6", "Conductance
{ "site_no":"09380000", "datetime":"2018-06-29 00:00", "Flow":"15700",
"GageHeight":"9.87", "Temp":"10.6", "Conductance"

Note, the payload column is truncated in the sample result.

See Previewing Data Using READ_NOS.

Viewing the Key Structure

SELECT TOP 2 LOCATION FROM READ_NOS_FM (
USING
RETURNTYPE ('NOSREAD_KEYS')
LOCATION('YOUR-STORAGE-ACCOUNT')
) AS D;

Sample result:

Location
------------------------------------------------------------
/S3/td-usgs.s3.amazonaws.com/JSONDATA/09380000/2018/06/28.json
/S3/td-usgs.s3.amazonaws.com/JSONDATA/09380000/2018/06/27.json

See Viewing the Key Structure.

Loading External Data into the Database Using CREATE TABLE AS...WITH DATA

CREATE MULTISET TABLE riverflowprecip_json AS (
SELECT CAST(Payload.site_no AS CHAR(8)) SiteNo,
CAST(Payload.Flow AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZZ9.99') Flow,
CAST(Payload.GageHeight AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') GageHeight,
CAST(Payload.datetime AS TIMESTAMP(0) FORMAT 'YYYY-MM-DDBHH:MI') Date_Time
FROM riverflow_json
WHERE Payload.Precipitation > 0
) WITH DATA
NO PRIMARY INDEX;

Display the number of rows in the table:

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM riverflowprecip_json;

Sample result:

Count(*)
-----------
        396

See Loading External Data into the Database Using CREATE TABLE AS...WITH DATA.

Loading External Data into the Database Using READ_NOS and CREATE TABLE AS

CREATE MULTISET TABLE riverflowperm_json AS
(
SELECT
CAST(payload.site_no AS CHAR(8)) Site_no,
CAST(payload.Flow AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Flow,
CAST(payload.GageHeight AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') GageHeight1,
CAST(payload.Precipitation AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Precipitation,
CAST(payload.Temp AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Temperature,
CAST(payload.Velocity AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Velocity
FROM READ_NOS_FM (
ON (SELECT CAST(NULL AS JSON))
USING
LOCATION('YOUR-STORAGE-ACCOUNT')
) AS D
) WITH DATA;

Display the number of rows in the table:

SELECT COUNT (*) FROM riverflowperm_json;

Sample result:

Count(*)
-----------
        36301

See Loading External Data into the Database Using READ_NOS and CREATE TABLE AS.

Loading External Data into the Database Using INSERT SELECT

CREATE TABLE RiverFlowPermInsert_json
(DateTS CHAR(20)
,SiteNo CHAR(8)
,Flow FLOAT FORMAT '-ZZZZ9.99'
,Velocity FLOAT FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99'
,GageHeight FLOAT FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99'
,Temp FLOAT FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99' )
PRIMARY INDEX (SiteNo);

Insert the external data into the database table:

INSERT INTO RiverFlowPermInsert_json
SELECT
payload.datetime
,payload.site_no
,Cast (payload.Flow AS FLOAT)
,Cast (payload.Velocity AS FLOAT)
,Cast (payload.GageHeight AS FLOAT)
,Cast (payload.Temp AS FLOAT)
WHERE payload.site_no='09429070'
FROM riverflow_json;

Query the data from the database table:

SELECT TOP 2 * FROM RiverFlowPermInsert_json;

Sample result:

DateTS                SiteNo        Flow  Velocity  GageHeight     Temp
--------------------  --------  --------  --------  ----------  -------
2018-07-02 01:00      09429070    149.00      0.78        5.75    78.80
2018-07-02 00:30      09429070    145.00      0.77        5.68    78.90

See Loading External Data into the Database Using INSERT SELECT.

Joining External Data and Database Tables

Create a database dimension table to join to:

CREATE SET TABLE rivernames (
site_no CHAR(8) CHARACTER SET LATIN NOT CASESPECIFIC,
name CHAR(60) CHARACTER SET LATIN NOT CASESPECIFIC)
UNIQUE PRIMARY INDEX ( site_no );

Create the foreign table or ask your database administrator to create the foreign table that is used to populate the dimension table:

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE nos_rivernames
, EXTERNAL SECURITY DEFINER TRUSTED DefAuth
( Location VARCHAR(2048) CHARACTER SET UNICODE CASESPECIFIC,
PAYLOAD DATASET INLINE LENGTH 64000 STORAGE FORMAT CSV
)
USING (
LOCATION('/s3/td-usgs.s3.amazonaws.com/RIVERS/rivers.csv')
);

Populate the dimension table:

INSERT INTO rivernames
SELECT payload..site_no, payload..name
FROM nos_rivernames;

Join the dimension table and external data (foreign table):

SELECT DISTINCT name(CHAR(60))
FROM riverflow_json rf, rivernames rn
WHERE rf.payload.site_no = rn.site_no
AND rf.payload.Precipitation > 0.1
ORDER BY 1;

Sample result:

name
----------------------------------
CIBECUE CREEK NEAR OVERGAARD
COLORADO RIVER AT LEES FERRY
GILA RIVER AT KELVIN
LITTLE COLORADO RIVER AT WOODRUFF
NEW RIVER NEAR ROCK SPRINGS
NEWMAN CANYON ABOVE UPPER LAKE MARY
POLACCA WASH NEAR SECOND MESA
PUERCO RIVER NEAR CHAMBERS
SALT RIVER NEAR CHRYSOTILE
SANTA MARIA RIVER NEAR BAGDAD

See Joining External Data and Database Tables.

Filtering Using A Path Filter in the CREATE FOREIGN TABLE Definition

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE riverflow_json_pathfilter
, EXTERNAL SECURITY DEFINER TRUSTED DefAuth
(
Location VARCHAR(2048) CHARACTER SET UNICODE CASESPECIFIC,
Payload JSON INLINE LENGTH 32000 CHARACTER SET UNICODE
)
USING (
LOCATION('YOUR-STORAGE-ACCOUNT/site_no')
PATHPATTERN('$data/$siteno/$year/$month/$day')
);

Where site_no is a site number value; for example, 0938.

Show the table definition:

SHOW TABLE riverflow_json_pathfilter;

See Filtering Using a Path Filter in the CREATE FOREIGN TABLE Definition.

Filtering on the Payload Column of a Foreign Table

Create a foreign table or ask your database administrator to create the foreign table using a custom PATHPATTERN:

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE riverflow_json_path
, EXTERNAL SECURITY DEFINER TRUSTED DefAuth
(
Location VARCHAR(2048) CHARACTER SET UNICODE CASESPECIFIC,
Payload JSON INLINE LENGTH 32000 CHARACTER SET UNICODE
)
USING (
LOCATION('YOUR-STORAGE-ACCOUNT')
PATHPATTERN('$data/$siteno/$year/$month/$day')
);

Run a query using a payload filter only:

SELECT TOP 2
CAST(payload.GageHeight AS FLOAT)( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') TheGageHeight,
CAST(payload.Flow AS FLOAT)(FORMAT '-ZZZZ9.99') TheFlow
FROM riverflow_json_path
WHERE payload.site_no = '09394500';

Sample result:

TheGageHeight    TheFlow
-------------  ---------
         6.39      45.60
         5.04       3.53

Run a similar query using equivalent path values in the filter:

SELECT TOP 2
CAST(payload.GageHeight AS FLOAT)( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') TheGageHeight,
CAST (payload.Flow AS FLOAT)(FORMAT '-ZZZZ9.99') TheFlow
FROM riverflow_json_path
WHERE $path.$siteno = '09394500';

Sample result:

TheGageHeight    TheFlow
-------------  ---------
         6.40      62.90
         5.04       3.53

See Filtering on the Payload Column of a Foreign Table.

Querying a Foreign Table with Path Filtering

Use path filtering to narrow down search results:

SELECT TOP 2 payload.*
FROM riverflow_json_path
WHERE $PATH.$year = '2018'
AND $PATH.$month = '07'
AND $PATH.$day = '01.json'
AND $PATH.$siteno = '09394500';

Sample result:

Payload.*
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
["09394500","2018-07-01 00:15","0.00","4.75","0.00","4.81"]
["09394500","2018-07-01 00:00","0.01","4.75","0.00","4.82"]

See Querying a Foreign Table with Path Filtering.

Combining Path and Payload Filtering

Combine path and payload filtering:

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM riverflow_json_path
WHERE payload.GageHeight > 5
AND $path.$siteno = '09394500'
AND $path.$year = '2018'
AND $path.$month = '07';

Sample result:

   Count(*)
-----------
       1602

See Combining Path and Payload Filtering.

Creating a Basic View

Create the view of the foreign table:

CREATE VIEW riverflowview_json AS (
SELECT
CAST(payload.Flow AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Flow,
CAST(payload.GageHeight AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') GageHeight1,
CAST(payload.Precipitation AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Precipitation,
CAST(payload.Temp AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Temperature,
CAST(payload.Velocity AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Velocity,
CAST(payload.BatteryVoltage AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') BatteryVoltage,
CAST(payload.GageHeight2 AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') GageHeight2
FROM riverflow_json_path );

Query the view:

SELECT TOP 2 * FROM riverflowview_json;

Sample result:

Flow   GageHeight1 Precipitation Temperature Velocity BatteryVoltage GageHeight2
------ ----------- ------------- ----------- -------- -------------- -----------
232.00        2.16          0.00           ?        ?              ?        2.16
156.00        5.52             ?       79.10     0.86              ?           ?

See Creating a Basic View.

Using Path Variables as Columns in a View

REPLACE VIEW riverflowview_json AS (
SELECT
CAST($path.$siteno AS CHAR(10)) TheSite,
CAST($path.$year AS CHAR(4)) TheYear,
CAST($path.$month AS CHAR(2)) TheMonth,
CAST(SUBSTR($path.$day, 1, 2) AS CHAR(2)) TheDay,
CAST(payload.Flow AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Flow,
CAST(payload.GageHeight AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') GageHeight1,
CAST(payload.Precipitation AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Precipitation,
CAST(payload.Temp AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Temperature,
CAST(payload.Velocity AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Velocity,
CAST(payload.BatteryVoltage AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') BatteryVoltage,
CAST(payload.GageHeight2 AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') GageHeight2
FROM riverflow_json_path);

See Using Path Variables as Columns in a View.

Using a Foreign Table View with Path Filtering

Replace the view of the foreign table:

REPLACE VIEW riverflowview_json AS (
SELECT
CAST($path.$siteno AS CHAR(10)) TheSite,
CAST($path.$year AS CHAR(4)) TheYear,
CAST($path.$month AS CHAR(2)) TheMonth,
CAST($path.$day AS CHAR(2)) TheDay,
CAST(payload.Flow AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Flow,
CAST(payload.GageHeight AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') GageHeight1,
CAST(payload.Precipitation AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Precipitation,
CAST(payload.Temp AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Temperature,
CAST(payload.Velocity AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') Velocity,
CAST(payload.BatteryVoltage AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') BatteryVoltage,
CAST(payload.GageHeight2 AS FLOAT) ( FORMAT '-ZZZ9.99') GageHeight2
FROM riverflow_json_path
WHERE TheSite = payload.site_no);

Query the view:

SELECT TOP 2 * FROM riverflowview_json;

Sample result:

TheSite     TheYear  TheMonth  TheDay      Flow GageHeight1 Precipitation Temperature Velocity BatteryVoltage GageHeight2
----------  -------  --------  ------  -------- ----------- ------------- ----------- -------- -------------- -----------
09429070    2018     07        02        156.00        5.52             ?       79.10     0.86              ?           ?
09396100    2018     07        14        232.00        2.16          0.00           ?        ?              ?        2.16

Filter the view:

SELECT thesite,COUNT(*)
FROM riverflowview_json WHERE thesite='09396100'
GROUP BY 1;

Sample result:

TheSite        Count(*)
----------  -----------
09396100           3086

Run EXPLAIN on the query to see how the filtering is done:

EXPLAIN
SELECT thesite,COUNT(*)
FROM riverflowview_json WHERE thesite='09396100'
GROUP BY 1;

Sample result:

Explanation
--------------------------------------------------------------
[…]
3) We do a single-AMP RETRIEVE step from NOS_USR.riverflow_json_path
in view riverflowview_json metadata by way of an all-rows scan
with a condition of ("(TD_SYSFNLIB.NosExtractVarFromPath (
NOS_USR.riverflow_json_path in view riverflowview_json.Location,
'/S3/td-usgs.s3.amazonaws.com/', 2 )(CHAR(10), CHARACTER SET
UNICODE, NOT CASESPECIFIC))= '09396100 '") into Spool 3 (all_amps),
which is built locally on that AMP. Then we do a SORT to order
Spool 3 by the sort key as the field_id list( 3, 2). The size of
Spool 3 is estimated with no confidence to be 38 rows (26,790
bytes). The estimated time for this step is 0.74 seconds.
4) We do an all-AMPs RETRIEVE step in TD_Map1 from Spool 3 (Last Use)
by way of an all-rows scan into Spool 2 (all_amps), which is
binpacked and redistributed by size to all AMPs in TD_Map1. The
size of Spool 2 is estimated with no confidence to be 38 rows (
27,094 bytes). The estimated time for this step is 0.16 seconds.
5) We do an all-AMPs SUM step in TD_MAP1 to aggregate from
NOS_USR.riverflow_json_path in view riverflowview_json
by way of external metadata in Spool 2 (Last Use) with a condition
of ("((TD_SYSFNLIB.NosExtractVarFromPath (
NOS_USR.riverflow_json_path in view riverflowview_json.Location,
'/S3/td-usgs.s3.amazonaws.com/', 2 ))= (NOS_USR.riverflow_json_path
in view riverflowview_json.Payload .JSONEXTRACTVALUE (
'$.site_no'(VARCHAR(32000), CHARACTER SET UNICODE, NOT
CASESPECIFIC)) )) AND ((TD_SYSFNLIB.NosExtractVarFromPath (
NOS_USR.riverflow_json_path in view riverflowview_json.Location,
'/S3/td-usgs.s3.amazonaws.com/', 2 )(CHAR(10), CHARACTER SET
UNICODE, NOT CASESPECIFIC))= (NOS_USR.riverflow_json_path in view
riverflowview_json.Payload .JSONEXTRACTVALUE (
'$.site_no'(VARCHAR(32000), CHARACTER SET UNICODE, NOT
CASESPECIFIC))))"), and the grouping identifier in field 1.
Aggregate Intermediate Results are computed globally, then placed
in Spool 5 in TD_Map1. The size of Spool 5 is estimated with no
confidence to be 1,085 rows (1,521,170 bytes). The estimated time
for this step is 0.52 seconds.
[…]

See Using a View with Path Filtering.