The POSTagger function was developed on the Penn Treebank Project and Chinese Penn Treebank Project data set. Its POS tags comply with the tags defined by the two projects.
Part-of-Speech Tags for English Text
The following table lists the POS tags used in the Penn Treebank Project for English text.
| Number | Tag | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CC | Coordinating conjunction | and |
| 2 | CD | Cardinal number | 1, third |
| 3 | DT | Determiner | the |
| 4 | EX | Existential there | there is |
| 5 | FW | Foreign word | d'hoevre |
| 6 | IN | Preposition / subordinating conjunction | in, of, like |
| 7 | JJ | Adjective | green |
| 8 | JJR | Adjective, comparative | greener |
| 9 | JJS | Adjective, superlative | greenest |
| 10 | LS | List item marker | 1) |
| 11 | MD | Modal | could, will |
| 12 | NN | Noun, singular or mass | table |
| 13 | NNS | Noun, plural | tables |
| 14 | NNP | Proper noun, singular | John |
| 15 | NNPS | Proper noun, plural | Vikings |
| 16 | PDT | Predeterminer | both the boys |
| 17 | POS | Possessive ending | friend's |
| 18 | PRP | Personal pronoun | I, he, it |
| 19 | PRP$ | Possessive pronoun | my, his |
| 20 | RB | Adverb | however, usually, naturally, here, good |
| 21 | RBR | Adverb, comparative | better |
| 22 | RBS | Adverb, superlative | best |
| 23 | RP | Particle | give up |
| 24 | SYM | Symbol | |
| 25 | TO | to | to go, to him |
| 26 | UH | Interjection | uhhuhhuhh |
| 27 | VB | Verb, base form | take |
| 28 | VBD | Verb, past tense | took |
| 29 | VBG | Verb, gerund or present participle | taking |
| 30 | VBN | Verb, past participle | taken |
| 31 | VBP | Verb, non-3rd person singular present | take |
| 32 | VBZ | Verb, 3rd person singular present | takes |
| 33 | WDT | Wh-determiner | which |
| 34 | WP | Wh-pronoun | who, what |
| 35 | WP$ | Possessive wh-pronoun | whose |
| 36 | WRB | Wh-adverb | where, when |
Part-of-Speech Tags for Chinese Text
The following tables list the POS tags used in the Penn Treebank Project for Chinese text.
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | VA | Predicative adjective. |
| 2 | VC | Copula. |
| 3 | VE | Only 有, 没有, and 无 are tagged as VE when they are the main verbs. |
| 4 | VV | Other verb. Includes the rest verbs, such as modals, raising predicates, control verbs, action verbs, psych-verb, and so on. |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 5 | NR | Proper noun (name of a person, politically or geographically defined location, or organization). A NR is usually unique and cannot be modified by a Det+M. |
| 6 | NT | Temporal noun. |
| 7 | NN | Other noun. |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | LC |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | PN |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | DT | Determiner. |
| 11 | CD | Cardinal number. |
| 12 | OD | Ordinal number. |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 13 | M |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 14 | AD |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 15 | P |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 16 | CC | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 17 | CS | Subordinating conjunction. |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 18 | DEC | This only includes 的 and 之 when they function as a complementizer or a normalizer. |
| 19 | DEG | This only includes 的 and 之 when they function as a genitive marker or an associative marker. |
| 20 | DER | 得 is tagged as DER in potential form V-得-R, and in V-de construction. |
| 21 | DEV | This only includes 地 when it occurs in "XP 地 VP", where XP modifies the VP. |
| 22 | AS | Aspect Particle. Verbal particles that indicate aspect are tagged as AS. |
| 23 | SP | Sentence-final particle. |
| 24 | ETC | The tag is used for the word 等 and 等等. |
| 25 | MSP | Other particle. This includes particles, such as 所, 以, 来, and 而, when they appear before a VP. |
| Number | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 26 | IJ | Interjection. Interjections appear in the sentence-initial position. |
| 27 | ON | Onomatopoeia. |
| 28 | LB | This only includes 被, 叫, 给, and 为 when they occur in the long bei-construction. |
| 29 | SB | This only includes 被 and 给 when they occur in the short bei-construction. |
| 31 | JJ | Other noun-modifier. |
| 32 | FW | Foreign word. |
| 33 | PU | Punctuation. |