Teradata Package for R Function Reference | 17.00 - NGramSplitter - Teradata Package for R - Look here for syntax, methods and examples for the functions included in the Teradata Package for R.

nGrams

Description

The nGrams function tokenizes (splits) an input stream of text and outputs n multigrams (called n-grams) based on the specified delimiter and reset parameters. nGrams provides more flexibility than standard tokenization when performing text analysis. Many two-word phrases carry important meaning (for example, "machine learning") that unigrams (single-word tokens) do not capture. This, combined with additional analytical techniques, can be useful for performing sentiment analysis, topic identification, and document classification.

Usage

  td_ngramsplitter_mle (
      data = NULL,
      text.column = NULL,
      delimiter = "[\\s]+",
      grams = NULL,
      overlapping = TRUE,
      to.lower.case = TRUE,
      punctuation = "[`~#^&*()-]",
      reset = "[.,?!]",
      total.gram.count = FALSE,
      total.count.column = "totalcnt",
      accumulate = NULL,
      n.gram.column = "ngram",
      num.grams.column = "n",
      frequency.column = "frequency",
      data.sequence.column = NULL,
      data.order.column = NULL
  )

Arguments

`data`	Required Argument. Specifies input tbl_teradata where each row of the input contains a document to be tokenized. The input tbl_teradata can have additional rows, some or all of which the function returns in the output tbl_teradata.
`data.order.column`	Optional Argument. Specifies Order By columns for "data". Values to this argument can be provided as a vector, if multiple columns are used for ordering. Types: character OR vector of Strings (character)
`text.column`	Required Argument. Specifies the name of the column that contains the input text. Input columns must contain string SQL types. Types: character
`delimiter`	Optional Argument. Specifies a regular expression that matches the character or string that separates words in the input text. The default value is the set of all whitespace characters which includes the characters for space, tab, newline, carriage return and some others. Default Value: "[\s]+" Types: character
`grams`	Required Argument. Specifies a list of integers or ranges of integers that specify the length, in words, of each n-gram (that is, the value of n). The range of values has the syntax "integer1-integer2", where integer1 <= integer2. The values of n, integer1, and integer2 must be positive. Types: character OR vector of characters
`overlapping`	Optional Argument. Specifies whether the function allows overlapping n-grams. When this value is TRUE, each word in each sentence starts an n-gram, if enough words follow it (in the same sentence) to form a whole n-gram of the specified size. For information on sentences, see the description of the "reset" argument. Default Value: TRUE Types: logical
`to.lower.case`	Optional Argument. Specifies whether the function converts all letters in the input text to lowercase. Default Value: TRUE Types: logical
`punctuation`	Optional Argument. Specifies a regular expression that matches the punctuation characters for the function to remove before evaluating the input text. Default Value: "['~#^&*()-]" Types: character
`reset`	Optional Argument. Specifies a regular expression that matches the character or string that ends a sentence. At the end of a sentence, the function discards any partial n-grams and searches for the next n-gram at the beginning of the next sentence. An n-gram cannot span two sentences. Default Value: "[.,?!]" Types: character
`total.gram.count`	Optional Argument. Specifies whether the function returns the total number of n-grams in the document, i.e., in the row. If this value is TRUE, then the name of the column returned is specified by the "total.count.column" argument. Note: The total number of n-grams is not necessarily the number of unique n-grams. Default Value: FALSE Types: logical
`total.count.column`	Optional Argument. Specifies the name of the column to return if the value of the "total.gram.count" argument is TRUE. Default Value: "totalcnt" Types: character
`accumulate`	Optional Argument. Specifies the names of the columns to return for each n-gram. These columns cannot have the same names as those specified by the arguments "n.gram.column", "num.grams.column", and "total.count.column". By default, the function returns all input columns for each n-gram. Types: character OR vector of Strings (character)
`n.gram.column`	Optional Argument. Specifies the name of the column that contains the generated n-grams. Default Value: "ngram" Types: character
`num.grams.column`	Optional Argument. Specifies the name of the column that is to contain the length of n-gram (in words). Default Value: "n" Types: character
`frequency.column`	Optional Argument. Specifies the name of the column that contains the count of each unique n-gram (that is, the number of times that each unique n-gram appears in the document). Default Value: "frequency" Types: character
`data.sequence.column`	Optional Argument. Specifies the vector of column(s) that uniquely identifies each row of the input argument "data". The argument is used to ensure deterministic results for functions which produce results that vary from run to run. Types: character OR vector of Strings (character)

Value

Function returns an object of class "td_ngramsplitter_mle" which is a named list containing object of class "tbl_teradata".
Named list member can be referenced directly with the "$" operator using name: result.

Examples

  
    # Get the current context/connection
    con <- td_get_context()$connection
    
    # Load example data.
    loadExampleData("ngram_example", "paragraphs_input")
    
    # Create object(s) of class "tbl_teradata".
    paragraphs_input <- tbl(con, "paragraphs_input")
    
    # Example 1 - Find total number of overlapping n-grams.
    td_ngramsplitter_out1 <- td_ngramsplitter_mle(data = paragraphs_input,
                                                  text.column = "paratext",
                                                  delimiter = " ",
                                                  grams = c("4-6"),
                                                  overlapping = TRUE,
                                                  to.lower.case = TRUE,
                                                  total.gram.count = TRUE,
                                                  accumulate = c("paraid","paratopic")
                                                  )
    
    # Example 2 - Find non-overlapping n-grams.
    td_ngramsplitter_out2 <- td_ngramsplitter_mle(data = paragraphs_input,
                                                  text.column = "paratext",
                                                  delimiter = " ",
                                                  grams = c("4-6"),
                                                  overlapping = FALSE,
                                                  to.lower.case = TRUE,
                                                  total.gram.count = FALSE,
                                                  accumulate = c("paraid","paratopic")
                                                  )