Declares a timestamp value in an expression.
Syntax
TIMESTAMP 'string'
where string specifies a character string in apostrophes in one of four formats.
- YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:ss
- Timestamp with no time zone or fractional seconds digits:
- YYYY represents year. The valid range is 0001 through 9999, inclusive. You must specify all four digits.
- MM represents month. The valid range is 01 through 12, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- DD represents day. The valid range is 01 through 31, inclusive, constrained by Gregorian calendar definitions. You must specify both digits, and follow them by a single pad character.
- hh represents the hour of the day. The valid range is 00–23, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- mi represents minute of the hour. The valid range is 00–59, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- ss represents seconds. The valid range is 00–61. You must specify both digits.
- YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:sssignhh:mi
- A timestamp with a specified time zone offset, but no fractional seconds digits.
- YYYY represents year. The valid range is 0001 through 9999, inclusive. You must specify all four digits.
- MM represents month. The valid range is 01 through 12, inclusive. You must specify both digits
- DD represents day. The valid range is 01 through 31, inclusive, constrained by Gregorian calendar definitions. You must specify both digits, and follow them by a single pad character.
- hh represents the hour of the day. The valid range is 00–23, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- mi represents minute of the hour. The valid range is 00–59, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- ss represents seconds. The valid range is 00–61. You must specify both digits.
- signhh:mi represents the hours and minutes in the Time Zone offset. The valid range is -12:59 through +13:00, inclusive.
- YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:ss.ssssss
- A timestamp with up to six fractional seconds digits, but no Time Zone:
- YYYY represents year. The valid range is 0001 through 9999, inclusive. You must specify all four digits.
- MM represents month. The valid range is 01 through 12, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- DD represents day. The valid range is 01 through 31, inclusive, constrained by Gregorian calendar definitions. You must specify both digits, and follow them by a single pad character.
- hh represents the hour of the day. The valid range is 00–23, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- mi represents minute of the hour. The valid range is 00–59, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- ss.ssssss represents seconds. The valid range for the first two digits is 00–61. You must specify both digits. You can specify from one to six fractional digits.
- YYYY-MM-DD
- hh:mi:ss.sssssssignhh:mi
- A timestamp with up to six fractional seconds and a time zone offset:
- YYYY represents year. The valid range is 0001 through 9999, inclusive. You must specify all four digits.
- MM represents month. The valid range is 01 through 12, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- DD represents day. The valid range is 01 through 31, inclusive, constrained by Gregorian calendar definitions. You must specify both digits, and follow them by a single pad character.
- hh represents the hour of the day. The valid range is 00–23, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- mi represents minute of the hour. The valid range is 00–59, inclusive. You must specify both digits.
- ss.ssssss represents seconds. The valid range for the first two digits is 00–61. You must specify both digits. You can specify from one to six fractional digits.
- signhh:mi represents the hours and minutes in the Time Zone offset. The valid range is -12:59 through +13:00, inclusive.
Usage Notes
The colons are required between the hour, minute, and second elements, and the decimal point is required if fractional seconds are specified. A decimal point is not allowed if there are no fractional digits. Spaces and new line characters are not allowed in a literal except after the keyword TIMESTAMP.
Data Types
IF the format of the Timestamp literal is … | THEN the data type is … |
---|---|
YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:ss | TIMESTAMP(0). |
YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:sssignhh:mi | TIMESTAMP(0) WITH TIME ZONE. |
YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:ss.ssssss | TIMESTAMP(n), where n is the number of fractional seconds digits. |
YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:ss.sssssssignhh:mi | TIMESTAMP(n) WITH TIME ZONE, where n is the number of fractional seconds digits. |
Example 1: YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:ss Format
The following example selects all classes from the Classes table that are timestamped November 23 2006 at 3:30:23 PM.
SELECT * FROM Classes WHERE Time_stamp = TIMESTAMP '2006-11-23 15:30:23';
Example 2: YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:sssignhh:mi Format
SELECT * FROM Classes WHERE Time_stamp = TIMESTAMP '2002-01-01 10:37:12-08:00'
Example 3: YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:ss.ssssss Format
SELECT * FROM Classes WHERE Time_stamp = TIMESTAMP '1995-07-31 10:36:02.123456'
Example 4: YYYY-MM-DD hh:mi:ss.sssssssignhh:mi Format
SELECT * FROM Classes WHERE Time_stamp = TIMESTAMP '1492-10-27 21:17:35.456123+07:30'
Related Topics
FOR information on … | SEE … |
---|---|
TIMESTAMP data types | TIMESTAMP Data Type. |
TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data types | TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE Data Type. |