A common logging requirement is the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS), which requires all retailers, financial institutions, and payment processors that store credit cardholder information to provide audit trails that allow reconstruction of all instances of certain events:
- Attempts to access cardholder data
- Actions of any type taken by any individual with administrative privileges
- Unsuccessful access attempts (denials)
- Creation and deletion of system-level objects
- Initialization of the audit logs (use of the BEGIN/END LOGGING statement)
- Attempts to access audit trails
- Administration of identification and authentication mechanisms