In the following statement, the CASE expression fails when column_2 contains the value 1 and column_3 contains the value 11223344556677889900.12 because the result is a DECIMAL value that requires more than 38 digits of precision:
SELECT SUM (CASE WHEN column_2=1 THEN column_3 * 6.112233445566778800000 ELSE column_3 END ) FROM dec22;